29 May Understanding the Menstrual Cycle: A Guide to Your Monthly Cycle
Understanding your menstrual cycle can help you recognize the natural changes your body goes through each month. Although the average menstrual cycle is often described as 28 days long, a normal cycle can range from 21 to 35 days.
Every woman’s cycle is different. Some women have very regular periods, while others experience more irregular or unpredictable cycles.
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Day 1: Your Period Starts
The menstrual cycle begins on the first day of your period. During this stage, the body sheds the uterine lining that had been preparing for a possible pregnancy. If pregnancy did not happen during the previous cycle, the uterus clears out the stored tissue and blood and begins preparing for a new cycle.
Even while your period is taking place, important changes are already happening in the ovaries. Multiple follicles begin developing eggs as the body prepares for ovulation.
Days 10–14: Your Body Prepares for Ovulation
As the cycle continues, one follicle becomes dominant and develops one fully mature egg. This usually happens between days 10 and 14 of the cycle.
In the days leading up to ovulation, some women notice physical changes. Cervical mucus may become clear and slippery, similar to egg whites, which can help sperm move more easily toward the egg.
Some women may also experience ovulation-related symptoms such as:
- Tender breasts
- Bloating
- Pelvic or abdominal pain
- Light spotting
- Mood changes
- Appetite changes
- Increased sex drive
- Heightened senses of smell, taste, or sight
Not every woman experiences these symptoms, and the symptoms may vary from month to month.
Around Day 14: Ovulation Happens
In a typical 28-day cycle, ovulation often occurs around day 14. A surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers the ovary to release the mature egg. The release itself takes only a few seconds.
The days leading up to ovulation and the day ovulation occurs are called the fertile window. This fertile window spans the five days before ovulation and the day of ovulation. Pregnancy is most likely to happen during this time if sperm are present in the fallopian tubes.
After ovulation, the egg survives for about 12 to 24 hours if fertilization does not occur. Sperm, however, can survive inside the female reproductive tract for about 3 to 5 days after sex.
We’re Here When You Need Answers
If you think you may be pregnant or have questions about your menstrual cycle, Lighthouse is here to help. Contact us today to schedule a pregnancy test and ultrasound at no cost and receive confidential support and care.